Contemporary Moral Problems
Chapter: Annette Baier – The Need for More Than Justice
Quote:
“The differences are as much emphasis as in substance, or we can say that they are differences in tone of voice”.
What I expect to learn:
To study what is The Need for More Than justice.
Review:
In this part of chapter 1 Annette Baier shared some ideas and some important insights that can help us as a student. Annette Baier is a teacher of philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh. She authored several significant books about morality and ethics like a Progress of Sentiments: Reflections on Kume’s Treative and Moral Prejudices: Baier distinguishes between the justice perspective of philosophers such as Kant and Rawls and the chapter perspective Gilligan found in her studies of the moral development women. He also argues that the justice perspective by itself is inadequate as a moral theory. The best moral theory, she claims, is one that harmonizes just and cares. She suggests that the government take care the people because without the government this would be the probability to happen people will be committing crime and as a result there careless.
What I learned:
I learned that caring is very important.
Integrative Questions:
1. What is Care?
2. What is the Need For more Than Justice?
3. Explain Moral Theory?
4. What is Moral Development Woman?
5. What is Moral Prejudices?
Review Questions:
1. Distinguish between the justice and care perspectives. According to Gilligan, how do these perspectives develop?
– The government should take care of the people.
2. Explain Kohlberg’s theory of moral development. What criticisms do Gilligan and Baier make of this theory?
– The progress of affiliate relationship.
3. Baier says there are three important differences between Kantian liberals and their critics. What are these differences?
– They should have equal relationship.
4. Why does Baier attack the Kantian view that the reason should control unruly passions?
– Because it flawed.
Discussion Questions:
1. What does Baier mean when she speaks of the need “to transvalue the values of our patriarchal past”? Do new values replace the old ones? If so, then do we abandon the old values of justice, freedom, and right?
– The new values should replace the old once.
2. What is wrong with the Kantian view that extends equal rights to all rational beings, including women and minorities? What would Baier say? What do you think?
– The problem on Baier adds right but the people don’t understand it yet.
3. Baier seems to reject the Kantian emphasis on freedom of choice. Granted, we do not choose our parent, but still don’t we have freedom of choice about many things, and isn’t this very important?
– It is important for me because without the freedom of choice I cannot do all I want.